feat: appointment type inference, procedure codes on cards, claim attachment fixes

- Add appointment type categories matching insurance claim form (recall, filling, pedo, dentures, implant, endo, crown, perio, extraction, ortho, consultation, emergency, other)
- Auto-infer appointment type from CDT codes with priority rules (endo > implant > crown > ...)
- typeLocked flag prevents auto-overwrite when user manually sets type
- Show appointment type label and procedure codes on schedule cards
- Background sync on /day route retroactively fixes stale appointment types
- Fix PUT /api/claims/:id to save claimFiles (previously silently dropped)
- Auto-link AppointmentFile records to ClaimFile when claim is created or updated
- Fix D5750 (denture reline) CDT range to map correctly to dentures category
- Fix typeLocked Zod rejection in appointment update route

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

packages/db/generated/prisma/schema.prisma

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ model Appointment {
   startTime          String // Store time as "hh:mm"
   endTime            String // Store time as "hh:mm"
   type               String // e.g., "checkup", "cleaning", "filling", etc.
+  typeLocked         Boolean  @default(false) // true = user manually set; auto-sync will not overwrite
   notes              String?
   procedureCodeNotes String?
   status             String   @default("scheduled") // "scheduled", "completed", "cancelled", "no-show"